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Digital microfluidics: A promising technique for biochemical applications

He WANG, Liguo CHEN, Lining SUN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 510-525 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0460-z

Abstract:

Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a versatile microfluidics technology that has significant application potential in the areas of automation and miniaturization. In DMF, discrete droplets containing samples and reagents are controlled to implement a series of operations via electrowetting-on-dielectric. This process works by applying electrical potentials to an array of electrodes coated with a hydrophobic dielectric layer. Unlike microchannels, DMF facilitates precise control over multiple reaction processes without using complex pump, microvalve, and tubing networks. DMF also presents other distinct features, such as portability, less sample consumption, shorter chemical reaction time, flexibility, and easier combination with other technology types. Due to its unique advantages, DMF has been applied to a broad range of fields (e.g., chemistry, biology, medicine, and environment). This study reviews the basic principles of droplet actuation, configuration design, and fabrication of the DMF device, as well as discusses the latest progress in DMF from the biochemistry perspective.

Keywords： digital microfluidics     electrowetting on dielectric     discrete droplet     biochemistry    

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Potential of electron transfer and its application in dictating routes of biochemical processes associated

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 679-692 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0866-1

Abstract: reprogramming could be predicted by examining the net changes of the PET values associated with the biochemical

Keywords： metabolic reprogramming     potential of electron transfer     cell proliferation     aerobic glycolysis     cancer metabolism    

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Metabonomic study of the biochemical profiles of heterozygous myostatin knockout swine

Jianxiang XU,Dengke PAN,Jie ZHAO,Jianwu WANG,Xiaohong HE,Yuehui MA,Ning LI

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 90-99 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015045

Abstract: Myostatin is a transforming growth factor-β family member that normally acts to limit skeletal muscle growth. Myostatin gene ( ) knockout (KO) mice show possible effects for the prevention or treatment of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. We applied chromatography and mass spectrometry based metabonomics to assess system-wide metabolic response of heterozygous KO ( ) swine. Most of the metabolic data for swine were similar to the data for wild type (WT) control swine. There were, however, metabolic changes related to fatty acid metabolism, glucose utilization, lipid metabolism, as well as BCAA catabolism caused by monoallelic depletion.The statistical analyses suggested that: (1) most metabolic changes were not significant in swine compared to WT swine; (2) only a few metabolic properties were significantly different between KO and WT swine, especially for lipid metabolism. Significantly, these minor changes were most evident in female KO swine and suggested differences in gender sensitivity to myostatin.

Keywords： myostatin     transforming growth factor-β family     skeletal muscle     metabolic disorders     chromatography     mass spectrometry     metabonomics    

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Uptake and accumulation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes change the morphometric and biochemical characteristics

Elena SMIRNOVA, Alexander GUSEV, Olga ZAYTSEVA, Olga SHEINA, Alexey TKACHEV, Elena KUZNETSOVA, Elena LAZAREVA, Galina ONISHCHENKO, Alexey FEOFANOV, Mikhail KIRPICHNIKOV

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 132-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1290-5

Abstract: We have studied the effect of the engineered nanomaterial Taunit, containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), on the growth of seedlings and investigated whether affected plants uptake and accumulate MWCNTs. We found that 100 μg/mL and 1000 μg/mL of Taunit stimulated the growth of roots and stems, and enhanced the peroxidase activity in these parts of plants. Microscopy studies showed the presence of MWCNTs in the root and leaf tissues of seedlings exposed to Taunit, suggesting that MWCNTs have a capacity to penetrate the cell walls, accumulate in roots and translocate to the leaves. Thus the stimulating effect of MWCNTs on seedlings of may be associated with the primary uptake and accumulation of MWCNTs by plant roots followed by translocation to the other plant tissues.

Keywords： multiwalled carbon nanotubes     plants     electron microscopy    

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Comparisons in subcellular and biochemical behaviors of cadmium between low-Cd and high-Cd accumulation

Meng XUE, Yihui ZHOU, Zhongyi YANG, Biyun LIN, Jiangang YUAN, Shanshan WU

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 226-238 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0582-4

Abstract: Subcellular distributions and chemical forms of cadmium (Cd) in the leaves, stems and roots were investigated in low-Cd accumulation cultivars and high-Cd accumulation cultivars of pakchoi ( L.). Root cell wall played a key role in limiting soil Cd from entering the protoplast, especially in the low-Cd cultivars. The high-Cd cultivars had significantly higher leaf and stem Cd concentrations than the low-Cd cultivars in cell wall fraction, chloroplast/trophoplast fraction, organelle fraction and soluble fraction. In low-Cd cultivars, which were more sensitive and thus had greater physiological needs of Cd detoxification than high-Cd cultivars, leaf vacuole sequestrated higher proportions of Cd. Cd in the form of pectate/protein complexes (extracted by 1 mol·L NaCl) played a decisive role in Cd translocation from root to shoot, which might be one of the mechanisms that led to the differences in shoot Cd accumulation between the two types of cultivars. Furthermore, the formation of Cd-phosphate complexes (extracted by 2% HAc) was also involved in Cd detoxification within the roots of pakchoi under high Cd stress, suggesting that the mechanisms of Cd detoxification might be different between low- and high-Cd cultivars.

Keywords： cadmium (Cd)     low-Cd cultivar     pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.)     subcellular distribution     chemical forms    

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Research on physical-chemical and biochemical combined technology in the treatment of refractory petrochemical

Tian Zhiyong,Tu Xiang,Song Yonghui,Xin Wang,Li Fayun

Strategic Study of CAE 2013, Volume 15, Issue 3,   Pages 80-87

Abstract:

The lab-scale and pilot-scale physical-chemical and biochemical combinedremoval performance could be improved significantly by reasonable coupling of physical-chemical and biochemical

Keywords： refractory     dry-spun     acrylic fiber wastewater     physical-chemical     biochemical     combined treatment    

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BIOINSECTICIDES AS FUTURE MAINSTREAM PEST CONTROL AGENTS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 82-97 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021404

Abstract: This review summarizes current progress on bioinsecticides which are categorized as biochemical insecticides

Keywords： biochemical insecticide / bioinsecticide / microbial bioinsecticides / plant-incorporated protectant    

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Temporal changes in the characteristics of algae in Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, China

Ruixia SHEN,Chunyan TIAN,Zhidan LIU,Yuanhui ZHANG,Baoming LI,Haifeng LU,Na DUAN

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 266-275 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015064

Abstract: The algal biochemical components varied over the period; lipids from 0.7% to 2.1% ash-free dry weightThis study demonstrated remarkable temporal changes in the biochemical composition and biodiversity of

Keywords： algal blooms     temporal change     biochemical property     biodiversity     hydrothermal liquefaction    

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Observation on therapeutic efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid in Chinese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: a 2-year follow-up study

Jiangyi Zhu, Yongquan Shi, Xinmin Zhou, Zengshan Li, Xiaofeng Huang, Zheyi Han, Jianhong Wang, Ruian Wang, Jie Ding, Kaichun Wu, Ying Han, Daiming Fan

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 255-263 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0227-1

Abstract: The biochemical response of patients at stage 2 was much better than that of patients at stages 3&ndashstage, patients in long-term administration of UDCA can gain favorable results not only on symptoms and biochemicalIt is also indicated that later histological stage, bad biochemical response and severe symptom may be

Keywords： primary biliary cirrhosis     ursodeoxycholic acid     Chinese     biochemical response     therapeutic efficacy    

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A comprehensive simulation approach for pollutant bio-transformation in the gravity sewer

Nan Zhao, Huu Hao Ngo, Yuyou Li, Xiaochang Wang, Lei Yang, Pengkang Jin, Guangxi Sun

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1144-1

Abstract:

Biochemical reactions related to distinct carbonitemcontent>

Pollutant transformation is attributed to different biochemical

Keywords： Gravity sewer     Modeling     Pollutant transformation     Biochemical reaction process    

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Expression and characterization of a CALB-type lipase from

Jiang-Wei Shen, Xue Cai, Bao-Juan Dou, Feng-Yu Qi, Xiao-Jian Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Liu, Yu-Guo Zheng

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 5,   Pages 868-879 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1889-x

Abstract: A lipase from SRZ2 (SRL) with 73% amino acid sequence identity to lipase B (CALB) was cloned and overexpressed in . The recombinant SRL showed a preference for short-chain -nitrophenyl esters. It achieved maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 65°C for -nitrophenyl hexanoate (C6) with and / values of 0.14 mmol∙L and 1712 min ∙mmol∙L at 30°C, respectively. SRL displayed excellent thermostability and pH stability, retaining more than 79% of its initial activity after incubation at 60°C for 72 h and 75% at pH 3 to 11 for 72 h. It also maintained most of its activity in the presence of inhibitors and detergents except sodium dodecyl sulfate, and it tolerated organic solvents. SRL was covalently immobilized and successfully used for ethyl hexanoate synthesis in cyclohexane or in a solvent-free system with a high conversion yield (>95%). Furthermore, high conversion yield was also achieved for the synthesis of various short-chain flavor esters when high substrate concentrations of 2 mol∙L were applied. This study indicated that a CALB-type lipase from SRZ2 showed great potential in organic ester synthesis.

Keywords： lipase     Sporisorium reilianum     biochemical characterization     short-chain flavor ester     solvent-free system    

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Fingerprint Spectral Signatures Revealing the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Bipolaris Spot Blotch Progression for Presymptomatic Diagnosis Article

Fengle Zhu, Zhenzhu Su, Alireza Sanaeifar, Anand Babu Perumal, Mostafa Gouda, Ruiqing Zhou, Xiaoli Li, Yong He

Engineering 2023, Volume 22, Issue 3,   Pages 171-184 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.10.006

Abstract: infection stage in vivo or investigated the detection mechanism of HSI relating to the host biochemicalThe early spectral and biochemical responses of barley leaves to spot blotch progression were also investigatedafter inoculation—12 h earlier than the traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay or biochemicalpresymptomatic diagnosis, quantitative relationships between the mean spectral responses of leaves and their biochemical

Keywords： imaging     Fingerprint spectral signatures     Spot blotch     Leaf lesion progression     Presymptomatic diagnosis     Biochemical    

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Research on Purifying Waste Gases Containing Volatile Organic Compounds in Low Concentration by Using Biochemical

Yang Xianwan,Sun Peishi,Huang Ruohua,Huang Bing,Chen Maosheng

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 9,   Pages 64-68

Abstract: the low concentration organic waste gas (containing sulfur) from rubber-regeneration process by using biochemical

Keywords： biopurifying technology of VOC waste gas     biodegradation of toluene     Adsorption-Biofilm Theory     industrial application test    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Digital microfluidics: A promising technique for biochemical applications

He WANG, Liguo CHEN, Lining SUN

Journal Article

Potential of electron transfer and its application in dictating routes of biochemical processes associated

Journal Article

Metabonomic study of the biochemical profiles of heterozygous myostatin knockout swine

Jianxiang XU,Dengke PAN,Jie ZHAO,Jianwu WANG,Xiaohong HE,Yuehui MA,Ning LI

Journal Article

Uptake and accumulation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes change the morphometric and biochemical characteristics

Elena SMIRNOVA, Alexander GUSEV, Olga ZAYTSEVA, Olga SHEINA, Alexey TKACHEV, Elena KUZNETSOVA, Elena LAZAREVA, Galina ONISHCHENKO, Alexey FEOFANOV, Mikhail KIRPICHNIKOV

Journal Article

Comparisons in subcellular and biochemical behaviors of cadmium between low-Cd and high-Cd accumulation

Meng XUE, Yihui ZHOU, Zhongyi YANG, Biyun LIN, Jiangang YUAN, Shanshan WU

Journal Article

Research on physical-chemical and biochemical combined technology in the treatment of refractory petrochemical

Tian Zhiyong,Tu Xiang,Song Yonghui,Xin Wang,Li Fayun

Journal Article

BIOINSECTICIDES AS FUTURE MAINSTREAM PEST CONTROL AGENTS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Journal Article

Temporal changes in the characteristics of algae in Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, China

Ruixia SHEN,Chunyan TIAN,Zhidan LIU,Yuanhui ZHANG,Baoming LI,Haifeng LU,Na DUAN

Journal Article

Observation on therapeutic efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid in Chinese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: a 2-year follow-up study

Jiangyi Zhu, Yongquan Shi, Xinmin Zhou, Zengshan Li, Xiaofeng Huang, Zheyi Han, Jianhong Wang, Ruian Wang, Jie Ding, Kaichun Wu, Ying Han, Daiming Fan

Journal Article

A comprehensive simulation approach for pollutant bio-transformation in the gravity sewer

Nan Zhao, Huu Hao Ngo, Yuyou Li, Xiaochang Wang, Lei Yang, Pengkang Jin, Guangxi Sun

Journal Article

Expression and characterization of a CALB-type lipase from

Jiang-Wei Shen, Xue Cai, Bao-Juan Dou, Feng-Yu Qi, Xiao-Jian Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Liu, Yu-Guo Zheng

Journal Article

Fingerprint Spectral Signatures Revealing the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Bipolaris Spot Blotch Progression for Presymptomatic Diagnosis

Fengle Zhu, Zhenzhu Su, Alireza Sanaeifar, Anand Babu Perumal, Mostafa Gouda, Ruiqing Zhou, Xiaoli Li, Yong He

Journal Article

Research on Purifying Waste Gases Containing Volatile Organic Compounds in Low Concentration by Using Biochemical

Yang Xianwan,Sun Peishi,Huang Ruohua,Huang Bing,Chen Maosheng

Journal Article